数据载入中......
公告 |
| 数据载入中...... |
| |
| [鲁教版九年级英语中考综合语法] 中考英语综合语法4 ：it的用法 |
| 明月之心 发表于：2008-2-24 14:25:46 |
一．代词 it 1.用作代词，代替前文提到的事物。例如： ---Where is my book? --- It's on the table. 2.用以代替指示代词this, that 例如： --- What's this? ---It's a flag. --- Whose exercise-book is that? ---It's hers. 3.起指示代词作用，指一个人或事物。例如： --- Who is making so much noise? --- It must be the children. 4.指环境，情况等。例如： It is very noisy at the moment. 5.指时间，季节等。例如： --- What time is it by your watch? --- It says ten o'clock. It won't be long before he comes back. 6.指距离。例如： It is five kilometres from the office to my home. 注意：it, one 和 that 都可以用来代替上文提出的人或物，但 it 指同一事物；one 指同名异物，并且前面可以有修饰语；that 指同一类，并非同一个。例如： ①--- Do you still have the bicycle? --- No, I have sold it. ②--- Is this knife yours? --- No, mine is the one on the desk. ③ The climate of South China is warm; I like it. ④ The climate of South China is much better than that of Japan.
二．引导词it 1.作形式主语：当不定式，动名词或从句作主语时，通常把它们放在谓语之后，而用 it 作句子的形式主语。例如： It is not a good habit to stay up late. It is no use asking him for help. It is said that he was brought up by his aunt in the country. It is a pity that you didn't read the book .注意下面两个句子： 1）.___ is known to all, English is widely used throughout the world. 2）.___ is known to all that the earth goes around the sun. A. It B. That C. As D. Which 第一句选项为C，为非限制性定语从句。第二句选项为A，为主语从句。 2.形式宾语：当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式，动名词或宾语从句时，往往把宾语放在宾语补足语之后，而用 it 作形式宾语，放在宾语补足语之前。例如： I think it no good arguing with him. I found it very interesting to study English. He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject. 3.用于强调结构：要强调句子的某一部分（通常是主语，宾语，状语），可以把 it 当作先行词。这种句子的结构是“ It is /was + 被强调部分 + that /who + 句子的其余部分”。如果强调部分是人可用 who, whom 代替 that。例如： The couple will never forget that it was he who had saved their child's life. 强调主语 It was the kind of work that I liked. 强调宾语 It was in 1949 that China was founded. 强调状语 It was when the war was over that he was able to go home. 强调状语从句使用强调句式要注意以下几个问题： 1）对特殊疑问句中的特殊疑问代（副）词强调时，特殊疑问代（副）词要放在句首，原疑问句中的疑问语序要变成陈述语序，It is/was...that/who 句式要相应变成疑问语序。例如： When did you meet Mr. Smith?（对 when 强调） When was it that you met Mr. Smith? 特别要注意的是，若对疑问代词强调 who/whom ，只能用 It is/was... that...例如: Who told you the news?（对who 强调） Who was it that told you the news?（that 不能用who代替） 2）强调句中的人称代词时，应保持该人称代词的格不变和原句中谓语动词在人称和数格上的不变。例如： She loves him very much.（对she 强调）It is she that/who loves him very much. I am against the plan.（对 I 强调）It is I who/that am against the plan. 3）强调 not...until.. 句型中的 until... 状语时，不仅要把 until... 状语置于It is/was... 之后，还要把 not 置于 until 之前，原来的句子要变成肯定句。例如： He didn't realise his mistake until the teacher spoke to him.（对 until 状语强调） It was not until the teacher spoke to him that he realised his mistake. 4）对倒装句中的某一部分强调后，原倒装句不再用倒装语序。例如： Never has he been a doctor before.（对强调）It is a doctor that he has never been before. 5）It 强调句式的判断方法 It 强调句式中被强调的成分是句中的某个成分。把这一框架去掉以后，剩余部分仍是一个完整的句子（若是强调宾语，需适当调整一下语序）。例如： It was yesterday that he came back. (去掉It was... that) Yesterday he came back. It was a zoo that we visited last Sunday.(去掉 It was...that 剩余部分可调整为) We visited a zoo last Sunday. 6）It 强调句式的判断误区 ①It was this house ___ we used to live. It was in this house ___ we used to live. A. that B. which C. where D. while 第一句选C项 it 表示时间 where 引导定语从句 第二句选A项构成强调句。 ②It was so long a way that we were all tired. 该句不是强调句 it 指距离， that 引导结果状语从句。 ③ --- What's on your desk? --- Oh, it's the very dictionary that you have been looking for. It is the first time that I have been here. It 指示代词 ， that 引导定语从句。 ④It's a pity that Jack should have missed the wonderful film. It is reported that over 10 thousand people were killed in the earthquake. It 作形式主语， that 引导主语从句
|
|
数据载入中...... |
